Snyderwatch: Sucker Punch
4. April 2011
– Jet Strajker, Die fünf Filmfreunde
Ich verfolge das Schaffen von Zack Snyder seit einer Weile mit einer Mischung aus Abscheu und Faszination. Seine ureigene Ästhetik, die er seit 300 konsequent verfolgt, ist revolutionär und gehört für mich zu einer der bestimmendsten Leitlinien des neuen digitalen Kinos. Sie hybridisiert Live-Action und digitale Animation auf allen Ebenen in einer Weise, die die konsequente Fortführung dessen ist, was 1999 mit The Matrix begann. Auf der anderen Seite hat mich sein Hang zu Bildern und Geschichten, die sich ebenso konsequent wie selbstverständlich an den Vorlagen des Faschismus abarbeiten und die Snyder sogar in einem Kinderfilm über Eulen unterbringt, immer abgestoßen.
Sucker Punch, Snyders erster Film nach eigenem Drehbuch, bringt diese Entwicklung nun an einen vorläufigen Endpunkt. Beinahe universell von der Kritik verachtet, schwurbelt sich Snyder darin eine Geschichte zurecht, in der es angeblich um Empowerment geht. Darum, dass man lernt, seine eigene Geschichte zu erzählen (die Feministen sehen das anders), in Wirklichkeit aber darum, leicht bekleidete Frauen in diversen Fantasy-Szenarios beim Kämpfen zuzusehen.
Die Zuhälterfigur des Films spricht in einem seiner Monologe davon, dass er das Gefühl hätte, jemand anders spiele im Sandkasten mit seinem Spielzeug, den Mädchen – und man meint, es wäre Zack Snyder, den er meint. Und trotzdem: Auf irgendeine perfide Weise habe ich den Eindruck, Snyder glaubt sogar, was er erzählt. Er sieht die an einen Endpunkt getriebene sexualisierte Gewalt in Sucker Punch in seiner eigenen merkwürdigen Logik tatsächlich als einen weiblichen Befreiungsschlag, genau wie er die auf die Spitze getriebene männliche Gewalt in 300 als eine Dekonstruktion von Männlichkeit sieht. „Hey“, scheint er sich zu denken. „Warum kann man nicht etwas dekonstruieren und dabei trotzdem verdammt cool aussehen.“
Diese Überlegung ist natürlich nicht neu, und mich hat immer schon gestört, wie Quentin Tarantino in Filmen wie Kill Bill nach einer ähnlichen Logik vorgeht. Wenn alles ohnehin nur ein Zitat, eine Hommage ist, scheint es, ist alles erlaubt. Auch der Sieg der Form über den Inhalt. Doch Tarantino kriegt die Kurve. Im zweiten Teil von Kill Bill beispielsweise verpasst er seiner Hauptfigur retrospektiv eine Entwicklungskurve und Tiefe, die alles vorhergegangene legitimiert und alles Folgende nachvollziehbar macht.
Snyder hingegen dreht in Sucker Punch die Streckbank noch eine Raste weiter. Ähnlich wie die Kampfsequenzen nur Phantasien innerhalb der Phantasie innerhalb der Phantasie, die der Film ist, sind, besteht ihr Inhalt auch nicht länger aus Zitaten, sondern aus Zitaten von Zitaten.
Denn die Mädchen kämpfen ihre imaginären Befreiungskämpfe keinesfalls im Imaginären eines Samuraifilms, eines Weltkrieg-Films, eines Fantasy-Films und eines Cyberpunk-Films, sondern bereits in deren übersteigerten Zitaten. Nicht in Pulp-Heften der Dreißiger, sondern in ihren postmodernen Wiedergängern, den Graphic Novels der Achtziger und Neunziger und den Computerspielen der Noughties. Deswegen sind alle Gegner lediglich gesichtslose Automata, gibt es Mechas im Krieg und Maschinengewehre im Kampf um die Burg. Und deswegen ist Sucker Punch genau so hohl wie die Körper der golemhaften Gegner – seine Figuren haben keinen Inhalt, sie haben keinen Grund, in irgendeiner Version dieser Welt zu existieren.
Wenn die Postmoderne an ihre Grenzen und darüber hinaus getrieben wird, kehrt das Archaische mit stampfenden Schritten zurück, wie ein Titan auf den Olymp. Und das ist es, was Sucker Punch doch irgendwie wieder faszinierend macht. Die haltlose Naivität, mit der der Film vorgibt, etwas zu sein, was er nicht ist. Die Geschichtsvergessenheit, mit der er seinen Zitatenzyklus ohne einen Funken Anstand oder wenigstens Ironie ausschlachtet, hat etwas enorm urtümliches. Und also findet sich in ihm auch ein Widerhall von Filmen wie Birth of a Nation, die auch in Ihren Grundfesten verachtenswert sind, die aber gleichzeitig zu den Gründungsmythen des amerikanischen Kinos gehören.
Es fällt mir schwer, mir ein abschließendes Urteil über Sucker Punch bilden. Ich fand den Film zu langweilig, um mich darüber aufzuregen und in seiner unfassbaren Maßlosigkeit zu faszinierend, um mich wirklich zu langweilen. Und somit ist wahrscheinlich damit das Urteil erreicht: Sucker Punch ist einfach vollkommen belanglos. Er ist es nicht wert, dass man ihn in irgendeiner Weise näher betrachtet. Und da ich – und mit mir viele andere Kritiker – dies gerade doch getan haben, weil sie irgendwie das Gefühl hatten, sie mussten sich mit dem Film auseinandersetzen, hat Snyder sein Ziel im Endeffekt wahrscheinlich doch erreicht: Er hat seinem persönlichen Sandkasten irgendwie Relevanz verliehen.
[Ergänzung:]
Zusätzlich zur im Text verlinkten „Girls on Film“-Kolumne empfehle ich Angie Hans Artikel auf /film.
Außerdem: „Sucker Punch and the Fetishized Image“ von Oscar Moralde ist sehr gut geschrieben und argumentiert, wirft aber die Frage auf: Wenn keiner merkt, dass etwas Satire ist, ist es dann noch Satire?
Rango – and new ways of directing animated films
4. Februar 2011
A behind the scenes featurette for Gore Verbinskis upcoming animated movie Rango has been floating around the web for over six weeks now.
Verbinski is the fourth live action director who, in recent times, tried his hand at directing an animated feature – if you leave out folks like Robert Zemeckis and James Cameron who worked with Perfomance Capturing. Like his three predecessors, George Miller (Happy Feet), Wes Anderson (Fantastic Mr Fox) and Zack Snyder (The Legend of the Guardians), who also weren’t raised in an animation environment, Verbinski brought an interesting new directing style to the table.
As the featurette shows, he actually gathered the actors together on a small sound stage and let them act out the movie with a few basic props. This, apparently, made it easier both for the actors, because they could interact with each other (while usually vocal recordings are done with one actor at a time alone in a booth), and for Verbinski himself, who could actually direct a cast rather than keep the complete puzzle of recordings in his head and stitch it together afterwards.
The featurette also mentions that the material created during the shoot served as a reference for the animators. The question that arises in this context is, how much of that is true. Pierre Coffin, one of the directors of Despicable Me recently debunked the featurette myth that video footage from actors recording voices in a booth is important for the animators‘ work.
Live action reference footage has been used in animation since the early Disney days (for some great insights into the process, watch the bonus material on the latest DVD edition of Pinocchio), but even Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, in their Disney Animation Bible „The Illusion of Life“, explain that
Animators always had the feeling they were nailed to the floor when their whole sequences were shot ahead of time in live action. Everyone’s imagination as to how a scene might be staged was limited by the placement of the camera (…).(p. 331)
At the beginning of the chapter on live action footage they note that
Live action could dominate the animator, or it could teach him. It could stifle imagination, or inspire great new ideas. It all depended on how the live action was conceived and shot and used.(p. 319)
I had the rare pleasure of seeing storyboard artist Christian De Vita give his talk on the development process of Fantastic Mr Fox at eDIT Frankfurt last year. He explained that the „direction“ of the film consisted mostly of Wes Anderson, De Vita (who would sketch out Anderson’s ideas) and a film editor holed up in a hotel room in Paris. Anderson would act out every character in every scene and the editor would stitch the footage together in order to create reference footage for the animation studio in Britain, who had to animate from that footage and wasn’t always too happy about it.
In a way, this did create a similar situation to the one that Verbinski used on Rango – with the difference that all actions were staged and performed by one person, the director.
What all of this shows is, once again, how the field of feature animation has changed in its second coming of the last decade. Live action actors have pretty much replaced trained voice actors for principal roles. The Pixar process has put a lot more emphasis on animation as a director’s medium – whereas in the Golden Age of Disney and Warners, the industry stars were basically the animators and animation supervisors (e. g. the Nine Old Men). And now live action directors bring approaches from their background into the game that diminish the recognition of animators as the true artists behind animated films even further. On top of all this, there is the ongoing hybridisation of live action and animation through visual effects and performance capturing.
It will be interesting to see what the animation industry will make of this and if there will at some point be an oversaturation of live action elements in animation that will result in a return to more pre-Disney, i.e. liberated, animation techniques in the future – or if the two approaches will just continue to co-exist like they do now.
5 3D directors – and what we can expect from them
12. Dezember 2010
3D is coming at us from several angles at the moment, but has yet to prove that the medium is not the message. I take a look at five directors who drive 3D forward and try to predict what role they will play in the future of stereoscopic filmmaking.
Rise to Power: Made two of the best, action packed Science-Fiction Sequels and created some of the most memorable effects scenes in cinema history with Aliens, the Terminator films and The Abyss. Then went off and realized the highest-grossing film ever. Twice.
Claim to Fame: Almost single-handedly convinced the movie industry that 3D is worth pursuing.
Defining Characteristics: Epic epicness coupled with sentimentality of the highest degree.
Lined up: Two sequels to Avatar that will continue to explore the world he created.
The Verdict: Cameron is a force of nature. What his films lack in artistic merit, they make up for in sheer, inescapable, gripping bombast. There are no signs of this changing in the near future.
Rise to Power: Married effects, character drama and the manipulation of the space-time continuum in classics like the Back to the Future trilogy and Forrest Gump.
Claim to Fame: Pioneered and developed „perfomance capturing“, and with it digital 3D, in a series of films that were really not great but succesful enough to keep him going.
Defining Characteristics: Creates settings that eerily sit between animation and live action aesthetics with few cuts and sweeping camera moves to explore 3D.
Lined up: As producer, Mars needs Moms for Disney in which Seth Green plays his inner child. As director, Yellow Submarine, the remake of a film about a band whose latest achievement is making it onto iTunes.
The Verdict: Zemeckis has left his mark in the development of 3D but his style has become a bit predictable and even seems slightly old-fashioned compared to the general zeitgeist.
Rise to Power: After directing several commercials, he revived the American zombie film and brought a new quality of aestheticized violence to Hollywood cinema with 300 and Watchmen.
Claim to Fame: Directed an animated fantasy film about, of all things, owls, which looked stunning but suffered from an overcrowded story.
Defining Characteristics: Applies 3D to both space and time with his signature slow motion fight scenes. Seems to like the grandiose iconography of fascism.
Lined up: His first original screenplay, Sucker Punch, will be converted to 3D, while he tackles the next reboot of the most boring of all superheroes, Superman: Man of Steel.
The Verdict: One of the most challenging visual directors around, to whom 3D seems to come naturally. However, the quality of his films seems to be very dependent on that of the source material.
Rise to Power: Gave stop-motion animation its mainstream groove back by directing Tim Burton’s phantasmagoria The Nightmare before Christmas.
Claim to Fame: Coraline, a film that reads like the book on how 3D should work, especially in animation.
Defining Characteristics: Builds worlds that are slightly askew, both visually and storywise.
Lined up: Has returned to Disney/Pixar to work on more stop motion films.
The Verdict: Might produce the first film for Pixar that actually embraces 3D in its mise-en-scene.
Rise to Power: Made films about maniacs of all colours as part of Germany’s new wave in the 70s, then became one of the most leftfield directors around, creating motion pictures in every genre, form and country.
Claim to Fame: Got exclusive access to ancient French caves to film them in 3D in Cave of Forgotten Dreams.
Defining Characteristics: Embraces everything that fascinates him and turns it into something strange … and good.
Lined up: No word yet if there’s more 3D to come.
The Verdict: Herzog, with his oddball mentality and his talent for tearing down cinematic borders, might be one of those who leads 3D from childhood to maturity.
Legend of the Guardians: Five Notes on the Owls of Ga’Hoole
25. Oktober 2010
1. This is what 3D is supposed to feel like. Zack Snyders trademark style, which basically lets the camera rule the space-time continuum it inhabits, lends itself perfectly to the new way of telling stories. While Snyder hardly makes use of z-axis space to convey information he couldn’t bring across in 2D, his great advantage in Legend of the Guardians is that he actually has three dimensions to move in. Almost all of the film is spent either in flight or in trees (which also means movement in three dimensions) and this is where 3D really shines. Add to that Snyders famous slo-mo-shots and some sweeping vistas and your eyes can’t stop ogling the beauty you are presented with on screen. Watching Legend of the Guardians really makes you wish, 300 and Watchmen had been in 3D. 300, especially, a film without a plot to speak of that lives purely by its visuals, could have been enhanced no end by stereoscopy. If he carries on like this with the movies he has lined up (Sucker Punch and Superman), Snyder might become one of the most prolific 3D directors around.
2. Snyders treatment of Kathryn Lasky’s novels confirms my earlier thesis that we have a lot to look forward to, if more live action directors with a clear thematic profile take to animation. Legend of the Guardians overtly reflects Snyders preoccupation with the fascist imagery and ideology of grandeur and fights of the weak against the self-styled strong. It is probably owed to the fact that Legends is aimed at kids that the lines of good and evil are drawn in an extremely simplistic way here.
3. Kudos to Animal Logic for their pitch-perfect creature and effects animation. They got to practice beaks and feathers in Happy Feet and really make the most of it in Legends. Owls, with their round faces and crooked beaks, probably topped the list of animals least likely to be anthropomorphised as heroes until this point, but the animators really did a superb job in making them believable, likeable and distinguishable. Much of this can be attributed to the realistic fluffiness of the feathers, which really serve their purpose to give every owl its individual character.
4. I have not read Kathryn Lasky’s book that the film is based on, but it wasn’t difficult to glimpse the detailed and imaginative world that Lasky has probably created in her series of novels through the bric-a-brac script that strives to cram every bit of Ga’Hoole mythology into 100 minutes of film while still leaving enough time for action sequences. The result is a desaster: The film jumps from one scene to another with hardly any transition, introduces new characters and plot twists by the minute and leaves no time at all for contemplation in much the same way that The Golden Compass or Inkheart did two or three years earlier. When will Hollywood finally stop turning fantasy novels that live by their worldbuilding into movies that pale in comparison? Hasn’t film history proven over and over again that – when it comes to fantasy genre films – short stories, novellas and graphic novels make much better source material? TV minseries are a much better medium to capture the intricacies of novels as this one, even if it means sacrificing some visual kablooie.
5. Even Rocky had a montage. But the training/getting to know their new home montage of Legends is an incredibly weak piece of filmmaking the film could have totally done without. It adds almost nothing to the exposition monologue which one of the characters, who is probably important in the novel but extremely flat here, just gave a few minutes earlier. The montage is also accompanied by a pop song which breaks with the whole atmosphere of the movie, but had to be included because it makes tie-in money and because it fits perfectly with this artist called Owl city. Get it? Because they are in a city of owls. Mercy! Please!
Addendum: Zack Snyder talks quite detailed about his 3D-ideas here and there is an extensive series of interviews with the key creatives of the film here.